Your privacy, your choice

We use essential cookies to make sure the site can function. We also use optional cookies for advertising, personalisation of content, usage analysis, and social media.

By accepting optional cookies, you consent to the processing of your personal data - including transfers to third parties. Some third parties are outside of the European Economic Area, with varying standards of data protection.

See our privacy policy for more information on the use of your personal data.

for further information and to change your choices.
Skip to main content

Table 5 Odds of frequent ED visits. Notable results

From: Naloxone prescriptions among patients with a substance use disorder and a positive fentanyl urine drug screen presenting to the emergency department

Variable

OR

95% CI

p Value

Covariate(s)

aORa

95% CI

p Value

Medicaid

3.807

2.026–7.152

 < 0.001*

Patient race-Black; UDS cocaine POS

2.448

1.084–5.533

0.03*

Patient Race-Black

2.422

1.225–4.789

0.01*

Medicaid; UDS cocaine POS

2.561

0.890–7.367

0.08

Patient Race-White

0.457

0.231–0.904

0.02

    

Sex-Female

0.378

0.158–0.903

0.03*

    

UDS cocaine POS

4.478

1.999–10.032

< 0.001*

Patient race-Black; Medicaid

3.069

1.300–7.244

0.01*

UDS fentanyl POS

0.423

0.126–1.421

0.16

    

Multiple SUDs

1.164

0.617–2.195

0.64

    

Co-occurring Psych dx

1.068

0.530–2.149

0.85

    
  1. Frequent ED visits were defined as 12 visits over the 3-year period (average of 4 visits per year)
  2. aOdds ratio adjusted for selected covariates
  3. * statistically significant, p < 0.05
  4. Reference groups for each variable
  5. Medicaid—all other insurances; Patient Race-Black—all other races; Patient Race-White—all other races; Sex-Female—male; UDS cocaine POS—UDS cocaine negative; UDS fentanyl POS—UDS fentanyl negative; Multiple SUDs—only one SUD; Co-occurring psych dx—no psych dx
  6. ED emergency department, UDS urine drug screen, POS positive, psych psychiatric, dx diagnosis, Psych psychiatric
Back to article page

Harm Reduction Journal

ISSN: 1477-7517