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Table 1: Inclusion and exclusion criteria

From: Facilitators of and obstacles to practitioners’ adoption of harm reduction in cannabis use: a scoping review

Criteria

Inclusion criteria

Exclusion criteria

Type of study

Empirical study: quantitative, qualitative, or mixed

Study that does not present empirical results (e.g., theoretical study, conceptual framework, etc.) or knowledge review (e.g., systematic or literature review)

Interviews conducted outside of an empirical research framework, such as those with journalists

Type of document

Peer-reviewed scientific article, research report, dissertation, thesis

Book, practice guide

Conceptual framework

HR in cannabis use

Cannabis risk reduction

Non-abstinence in cannabis use

Another conceptual framework

Objective

Identification of factors1 facilitating or hindering practitioners’ adoption of the HR approach2 in cannabis use

Evaluation of the efficacy of interventions based on HR

OR

Stakeholder perceptions of the use of cannabis as an HR strategy to circumvent the effects of other drugs

OR

Attitudes toward decriminalization of cannabis

Psychoactive substance being studied

Marijuana, hashish, or cannabis for non-medical purposes

“Drug” if cannabis is part of its conceptualization in the study

Any substance other than marijuana, hashish, or non-medical cannabis (e.g., tobacco, alcohol, medical cannabis, MDMA, Ecstasy)

Study that focuses on “performance and image enhancing drugs” or “crack” or “new psychoactive substances”

Target population

Practitioners3 working in the health and social fields4

Practitioners in training

People who use cannabis5

Country of study

OECD country

Non-OECD country

Publication date

From 1990 onwards

Before 1990

Language

French and/or English

Languages other than French or English or text not available

  1. 1“Factors” include perceptions, beliefs, facilitators, obstacles, oppositions, attitudes, opinions, barriers, biases, motivations, preferences, determinants, incentives, influences, and perspectives on the adoption of HR in cannabis use, as well as its acceptability and receptibility
  2. 2“Approach” refers to strategies, interventions, practices, services, methods, techniques, treatments, programs, or guides for the HR approach in cannabis use
  3. 3“Practitioners” includes healthcare and psychosocial services personnel, professionals, or practitioners, allied healthcare personnel, professionals, or practitioners, social workers, counsellors, psychoeducators, educators, nurses, criminologists, psychologists, clinicians, caregivers, therapists, psychotherapists, and physicians
  4. 4Although health practitioners and social services practitioners are trained in different disciplines, their interdisciplinary collaboration and network-based work can blur the distinctions between their settings. This is why our search strategy included both disciplines, ensuring that we did not omit any relevant studies
  5. 5Studies addressing the views of people who use cannabis regarding HR or its adoption by practitioners were excluded
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Harm Reduction Journal

ISSN: 1477-7517