Table 1 Tax rates in Europe for online betting and casino, 2018 and 2021 – Descriptive statistics.
From: Channelling and taxation in European online gambling markets: evolution and policy implications
Type of gambling | N | Mean | Standard deviation | Coefficient variation | Median | Min | Max |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tax Betting 2018 (GGR) | 14 | 17.9 | 7.9 | 0.44 | 20.0 | 5.0 | 35.0 |
Tax Betting 2018 (R) | 8 | 7.6 | 4.7 | 0.62 | 7.0 | 2.0 | 15.0 |
Tax Betting 2021 (GGR) | 16 | 21.5 | 12.2 | 0.57 | 20.5 | 5.0 | 54.9 |
Tax Betting 2021 (R) | 9 | 9.5 | 8.8 | 0.93 | 6.0 | 2.0 | 30.0 |
Tax Casino 2018 (GGR) | 18 | 20.2 | 9.0 | 0.44 | 20.0 | 5.0 | 40.0 |
Tax Casino 2021 (GGR) | 20 | 20.9 | 9.1 | 0.43 | 20.5 | 5.0 | 40.0 |